• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, in which a tank wall comprises successively in a thickness direction a secondary thermal insulation barrier (1), a secondary sealing membrane (4 ), a primary thermal insulation barrier (5) and a primary waterproofing membrane (7), wherein the secondary waterproofing membrane (4) is a corrugated metal membrane having a series of corrugations (25, 26) parallel forming channels and planar portions located between said corrugations (25, 26), and wherein anti-convective filler elements (16, 20, 22) are arranged in corrugations (25, 26) of the diaphragm secondary sealing (4) to create a pressure drop in said channels.
    公开号:FR3070745A1
    申请号:FR1770930
    申请日:2017-09-04
    公开日:2019-03-08
    发明作者:Pierre Jean；Bruno Deletre；Karim Chapot；Raphael Prunier
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical area
    The invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, with membranes, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
    Sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at around -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
    Technological background
    In the state of the art, leaktight and thermally insulating tanks for the storage of liquefied natural gas are known, integrated into a carrying structure, such as the double hull of a ship intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas. Generally, such tanks have a multilayer structure having successively, in the thickness direction, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained at the carrying structure, a waterproofing membrane. secondary resting against the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a primary thermal insulation barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane resting against the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
    Document WO2016 / 046487 describes a secondary thermal insulation barrier and a primary thermal insulation barrier formed from juxtaposed insulating panels. In this document WO2016 / 046487, the secondary waterproofing membrane is made up of a plurality of metal sheets having corrugations projecting towards the outside of the tank and thus allowing the secondary waterproofing membrane to deform under the effect of thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the fluid stored in the tank. An internal face of the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier has grooves receiving the corrugations of the corrugated metal sheets of the secondary waterproof membrane. These undulations and these grooves form a mesh of channels developing along the walls of the tank.
    summary
    An idea underlying the invention is to propose a sealed and thermally insulating tank with a sealing membrane comprising corrugations in which the convection phenomena are reduced. In particular, an idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank limiting the presence of continuous circulation channels in the thermal insulation barriers in order to limit the phenomena of natural convection in said insulation barriers thermal.
    According to one embodiment, the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a fluid, in which a tank wall comprises, successively in a thickness direction, a secondary thermal insulation barrier comprising a plurality of secondary insulating elements juxtaposed, the secondary insulating elements being retained against a load-bearing wall, for example by secondary retaining members, a secondary sealing membrane carried by the secondary insulating elements of the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a barrier d primary thermal insulation comprising a plurality of primary insulating elements juxtaposed, the primary insulating elements being retained against the secondary waterproofing membrane, for example by primary retaining members, and a primary waterproofing membrane carried by the barrier primary thermal insulation and intended to be re in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank
    According to embodiments, such a tank may include one or more of the following characteristics.
    According to one embodiment, the secondary waterproofing membrane is a corrugated metal membrane comprising a series of parallel corrugations forming channels, in particular very long channels according to the dimensions of the tank, and flat portions located between said corrugations, the primary insulating elements having an external face, said external face being able to be planar, covering the planar portions of the secondary sealing membrane, the secondary insulating elements having an internal face, being able to be planar, supporting the planar portions of the membrane of secondary sealing, anti-convective filling elements being arranged in undulations of the secondary sealing membrane to create a pressure drop in said channels.
    Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to limit the convection phenomena along the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane, in particular in the walls of the tank which have a vertical or oblique orientation in the gravity field, in which a gradient temperature between the upper part and the lower part of the wall is likely to favor such a phenomenon.
    According to one embodiment, the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane protrude towards the outside of the tank in the direction of the support structure.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective filling elements arranged in the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane are covered by the external face of the primary insulating elements.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective filling elements arranged in the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane are fixed to the external face of the primary insulating elements.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective filling elements arranged in the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane are fixed, for example glued, to the secondary sealing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the secondary insulating elements have grooves hollowed out in the internal face to receive undulations of the secondary sealing membrane, complementary anti-convective filling elements being disposed in said grooves between the secondary sealing membrane and the secondary insulating elements to create a pressure drop in a remaining portion of said grooves situated around the corrugations of the secondary sealing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane protrude towards the inside of the tank.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective filling elements arranged in the undulations of the secondary sealing membrane are supported by the internal face of the secondary insulating elements.
    According to one embodiment, the primary insulating elements have grooves hollowed in the external face to receive undulations of the secondary sealing membrane, complementary anti-convective filling elements being arranged in said grooves between the secondary sealing membrane and the primary insulating elements to create a pressure drop in a remaining portion of said grooves situated around the corrugations of the secondary sealing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the primary waterproofing membrane is a corrugated metal membrane comprising a series of parallel corrugations forming channels, in particular very long channels according to the dimensions of the tank, and flat portions located between said corrugations, the primary insulating elements having an internal face supporting the flat portions of the primary sealing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the undulations of the primary sealing membrane protrude towards the outside of the tank in the direction of the support structure.
    According to one embodiment, the primary insulating elements have grooves hollowed in the internal face to receive corrugations of the primary sealing membrane, complementary anti-convective filling elements being arranged in said grooves between the primary sealing membrane and the primary insulating elements to create a pressure drop in a remaining portion of said grooves located around the corrugations of the primary sealing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective filling elements comprise an elongated filling part arranged in a corrugation of the secondary sealing membrane, and / or of the primary sealing membrane, the elongated filling part having a shape section which fills at least 80% the section of the corrugation in the assembled state of the tank, and for example the entire section of the corrugation. The elongated filling part can have many cross-sectional shapes. For example, the elongated filling piece may have a shape of section complementary to the shape of the corrugation section or a shape of circular, elliptical or other section.
    According to one embodiment, the filling part arranged in a corrugation has parallel grooves oriented transversely to the length of the filling part and distributed along the length of the filling part.
    According to one embodiment, the secondary sealing membrane, and / or the primary sealing membrane, comprises a first series of parallel undulations and a second series of parallel undulations which is transverse to the first series of undulations and which cuts the first series of undulations at the level of knot zones, the anti-convective filling elements comprising knot parts arranged in knot zones of the secondary sealing membrane, and / or the primary sealing membrane .
    According to one embodiment, an anti-convective filling element or a complementary anti-convective filling element is made of expanded polystyrene or of polymer foam or glass wool.
    According to one embodiment, an anti-convective filling element or a complementary anti-convective filling element is made of flexible synthetic material or of molded synthetic material.
    According to one embodiment, the primary insulating elements comprise parallelepipedal insulating panels arranged so as to form gaps between them, the primary thermal insulation barrier further comprising an anti-convective covering strip made of continuous material, preferably thin. , and arranged along an edge of a first parallelepipedal insulating panel so as to substantially close the gap between said first parallelepipedic insulating panel and a second parallelepipedic insulating panel, the second parallelepipedic insulating panel being adjacent to the first parallelepipedic insulating panel, the anti-convective cover strip comprising a first edge portion disposed on the internal face of the first parallelepipedal insulating panel.
    Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to limit the convection phenomena in the interstices between parallelepipedic insulating panels, in particular in the thickness direction of the tank wall. In particular, the installation of such an anti-convective cover strip can be carried out without great difficulty even if the gap is narrow.
    The first edge portion of the anti-convective cover strip can be fixed to the first parallelepipedal insulating panel or under the primary membrane, in particular glued or stapled to the internal face of the first parallelepipedic insulating panel. The opposite edge of the anti-convective cover strip is preferably left free.
    According to one embodiment, the internal face of the first parallelepipedal insulating panel has a countersink along the gap to accommodate the first edge portion of the anti-convective cover strip.
    Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to house and fix the anti-convective cover strip without affecting the flatness of the internal face of the parallelepipedal insulating panel which supports the waterproofing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective cover strip spans the gap between the first parallelepipedal insulating panel and the second parallelepipedic insulating panel, the anti-convective cover strip having a second edge portion opposite to the first edge portion and arranged on the internal face of the second parallelepipedal insulating panel.
    According to one embodiment, the internal face of the second parallelepipedal insulating panel has a countersink along the gap to receive the second edge portion of the anti-convective cover strip.
    According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second edge portion has a width greater than 10 mm.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective cover strip comprises a folded portion which is engaged in the gap between the first parallelepipedal insulating panel and the second parallelepipedic insulating panel, the folded portion comprising a first section extending towards the outside in the thickness direction of the vessel wall from the first edge portion and a second panel extending inwardly in the thickness direction of the vessel wall from the first panel. In this case, the anti-convective cover strip is preferably made of flexible material.
    According to one embodiment, the folded portion bears against a lateral face of the second parallelepipedal insulating panel bordering the gap. In this case, it is not essential for the cover strip to protrude from the inside of the second insulating panel.
    According to one embodiment, the anti-convective cover strip has a length greater than the length of said edge of the first parallelepipedal insulating panel so as to protrude at least on a third parallelepipedal insulating panel, the third parallelepipedic insulating panel being adjacent to the first panel parallelepiped insulator.
    According to one embodiment, the first parallelepipedic insulating panel further carries a second anti-convective cover strip made of thin continuous material and arranged along an edge of the first parallelepipedic insulating panel facing the third parallelepipedic insulating panel, so as to substantially close the gap between said first parallelepipedal insulating panel and the third parallelepipedic insulating panel, the second anti-convective cover strip comprising a first edge portion placed or fixed on the internal face of the first parallelepipedic insulating panel.
    According to one embodiment, the first and second anti-convective cover strips consist of a single piece of thin continuous material cut into an L shape.
    The anti-convective cover strip can be made of flexible or rigid materials, for example with a thickness of less than 2 mm, or even less than or equal to 1 mm. According to one embodiment, the anti-convective cover strip is made of a material chosen from paper, cardboard, polymer films and composite materials based on polymer resin and fibers.
    According to one embodiment, the gap between the first parallelepipedal insulating panel and the second parallelepipedic insulating panel has a width less than 10 mm.
    According to one embodiment, the primary insulating elements include parallelepipedal insulating panels arranged so as to form gaps between them, the primary thermal insulation barrier further comprising an anti-convective filler plate disposed in the gap between a first parallelepipedic insulating panel and a second parallelepipedic insulating panel, the second parallelepipedic insulating panel being adjacent to the first parallelepipedic insulating panel, the anti-convective filling plate being made of thin continuous material and having a plurality of elongated wall elements extending in substantially the entire width of the gap to delimit cells extending substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction.
    With such a filling plate, it is possible to limit the convection phenomena in the interstices between parallelepipedal insulating panels, in particular in the thickness direction of the tank wall. Preferably, the filling plate is made of relatively flexible material, such as paper, cardboard, plastic sheet, in particular polyetherimide or even polyamide imide so that the cells can easily be crushed and thus adapt to the width of the gap. .
    The length of such a filling plate may be greater, smaller or substantially equal to the length of the edges of the parallelepipedal insulating panels between which the gap is formed.
    Such a filling plate can in particular be interrupted or cut at the location of the primary retaining members, at least when the primary retaining members are also arranged in the interstices.
    According to one embodiment, the elongated wall elements are formed of successive portions of a sheet of corrugated material having alternate parallel corrugations extending substantially perpendicular to the direction of thickness.
    According to one embodiment, the filling plate has a sandwich structure comprising two parallel continuous sheets spaced apart by said elongated wall elements, said two parallel continuous sheets being arranged against two lateral faces of the first and of the second parallelepipedal insulating panel delimiting the gap . In such a sandwich structure, the width of the cells is in fact equal to the width of the gap less the thickness of the two parallel continuous sheets.
    According to one embodiment, the elongated wall elements are formed of cylindrical elements extending substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction and fixed between the two parallel continuous sheets. The cross-sectional shape of such cylindrical elements can be any, for example hexagonal, circular or other.
    According to one embodiment, at least one of the two parallel continuous sheets spaced apart by said elongated wall elements comprises a portion of upper edge folded back and fixed to the internal face of at least one of the two parallelepipedal insulating panels between which the gap is formed.
    According to one embodiment, the internal face of the first and / or of the second parallelepipedal insulating panel comprises a counterbore along the gap to receive said upper edge portion of the continuous sheet.
    Thanks to these characteristics, it is possible to house and fix the upper edge portion of the continuous sheet without affecting the flatness of the internal face of the parallelepipedal insulating panel which supports the waterproofing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the gap between the first parallelepipedal insulating panel and the second parallelepipedic insulating panel has a width less than 10 mm.
    Such a tank can be part of a terrestrial storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or in deep water, in particular an LNG tanker, LNG carrier, a floating storage and regasification unit ( FSRU), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
    According to one embodiment, a vessel for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and the above-mentioned tank placed in the double hull.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a ship, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes from or to a floating or land storage installation to or from the tank of the ship.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned ship, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or land storage installation. and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
    Brief description of the figures
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and without limitation. , with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    • Figure 1 is a perspective view, cut away, of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall for storing a fluid;
    • Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of section II-II of Figure 1 illustrating a first embodiment of the invention;
    • Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view from below of an insulating panel of the primary thermal insulation barrier according to an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention;
    • Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of section ll-ll of Figure 1 illustrating a second embodiment of the invention;
    • Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of an example of a filling bar;
    • Figure 6 is a sectional view illustrating the second embodiment of the invention according to the lll-lll section of Figure 1;
    "Figure 7 shows a sectional view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall according to a third embodiment of the invention;
    • Figure 8 is a partial schematic perspective view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank according to a fourth embodiment in which the primary waterproof membrane is not illustrated;
    • Figure 9 is a partial sectional view of a gap between two insulating panels of the primary thermally insulating barrier of Figure 7;
    • Figure 10 is a partial sectional view of a gap between two insulating panels of the primary thermally insulating barrier according to an alternative embodiment of Figure 9;
    • Figures 11 to 15 are views in partial section of a gap between two insulating panels of the primary thermally insulating barrier according to a fifth embodiment;
    • Figure 16 is a schematic cutaway view of an LNG tank and a loading / unloading terminal of this tank;
    • Figure 17 is a schematic representation of the internal plates of three adjacent primary insulating panels on which rests an L-shaped anti-convection plate according to an alternative embodiment of the fourth embodiment of the invention. ;
    Detailed description of embodiments
    By convention, the terms "external" and "internal" are used to define the relative position of one element with respect to another, by reference to the interior and exterior of the tank.
    In Figure 1, there is shown the multilayer structure of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall for storing a fluid.
    Such a tank wall comprises, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 comprising secondary insulating panels 2 juxtaposed and anchored to a support structure 3 by secondary retaining members (not shown ), for example studs welded to the support structure 3, a secondary sealing membrane 4 carried by the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1, a primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprising primary insulating panels 6 juxtaposed and anchored to the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 by primary retaining members 19 and a primary sealing membrane 7, carried by the primary insulating panels 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
    The supporting structure 3 can in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having appropriate mechanical properties. The supporting structure 3 can in particular be formed by the hull or double hull of a ship. The supporting structure 3 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape.
    The secondary insulating panels 2 have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The secondary insulating panels 2 each comprise an insulating lining layer 9, for example an insulating polymer foam 9, sandwiched between an internal rigid plate 10 and an external rigid plate 11. The rigid plates, internal 10 and external 11, are, for example, plywood sheets glued to said layer of insulating polymeric foam 9. The insulating polymeric foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based foam. The polymer foam is advantageously reinforced by glass fibers helping to reduce its thermal contraction.
    The secondary insulating panels 2 are juxtaposed in parallel rows and separated from each other by interstices 12 guaranteeing a functional mounting clearance. The interstices 12 are filled with a heat-insulating lining 13, shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, such as glass wool, rock wool or flexible synthetic foam with open cells for example. The heat-insulating lining 13 is advantageously made of a porous material so as to allow a circulation of gas in the interstices 12 between the secondary insulating panels 2, for example a circulation of inert gas, such as nitrogen, within the barrier. of secondary thermal insulation 1 so as to maintain it under an inert atmosphere and thus prevent combustible gas being in an explosive concentration range and / or in order to place the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 in vacuum in order to increase its insulating power. This gas circulation is also important to facilitate the detection of any combustible gas leaks. The interstices 12 have for example a width of around 30 mm.
    The internal plate 10 has two series of grooves 14, 15, perpendicular to each other, so as to form a network of grooves. Each of the series of grooves 14, 15 is parallel to two opposite sides of the secondary insulating panels 2. The grooves 14, 15 are intended for the reception of corrugations 25, 26, projecting towards the outside of the tank, formed on metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the internal plate 10 has three grooves 14 extending in the longitudinal direction of the secondary insulating panel 2 and nine grooves 15 extending in the transverse direction of the secondary insulating panel 2.
    Furthermore, the internal plate 10 is equipped with metal plates 17, 18 for anchoring the edge of the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 on the secondary insulating panels 2. The metal plates 17, 18 extend in two perpendicular directions which are each parallel to two opposite sides of the secondary insulating panels 2. The metal plates 17, 18 are fixed to the internal plate 10 of the secondary insulating panel 2, by screws, rivets or staples, for example. The metal plates 17, 18 are placed in recesses formed in the internal plate 10 so that the internal surface of the metal plates 17, 18 is flush with the internal surface of the internal plate 10. The internal plate 10 has an internal surface which is substantially planar, apart from any singular zones such as the grooves 14, 15 or the counterbores making it possible to house the metal plates 17, 18
    The internal plate 10 is also equipped with threaded studs 19 projecting towards the interior of the tank, and intended to ensure the fixing of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 on the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1. The metal studs 19 pass through orifices made in the metal plates 17.
    The secondary sealing membrane 4 comprises a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 24 each having a substantially rectangular shape. The corrugated metal sheets 24 are arranged offset from the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 so that each of said corrugated metal sheets 24 extends jointly over four adjacent secondary insulating panels 2.
    Each corrugated metal sheet 24 has a first series of parallel corrugations 25 extending in a first direction and a second series of parallel corrugations 26 extending in a second direction. The directions of the wave series 25, 26 are perpendicular. Each of the series of corrugations 25, 26 is parallel to two opposite edges of the corrugated metal sheet 24. The corrugations 25, 26 project towards the outside of the tank, that is to say in the direction of the support structure 3. The corrugated metal sheet 24 comprises between the corrugations 25, 26 a plurality of planar surfaces. At each crossing between two corrugations 25, 26 the metal sheet 24 has a knot area 27.
    The corrugations 25, 26 of the corrugated metal sheets 24 are housed in the grooves 14, 15 formed in the internal plate 10 of the secondary insulating panels 2. The adjacent corrugated metal sheets 24 are welded together with overlap. The anchoring of the corrugated metal sheets 24 on the metal plates 17, 18 is carried out by tack welds.
    The corrugated metal sheets 24 are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1.2.10 ' 6 and 2.10' 6 K ' 1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically around 7.10 ' 6 K' 1 . Alternatively, the corrugated metal sheets 24 can also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.
    The primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 6 of substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The primary insulating panels 6 are here offset from the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 so that each primary insulating panel 6 extends over four secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1. The adjacent primary insulating panels 6 are spaced apart by a space 8 guaranteeing a functional clearance in mounting said primary insulating panels 6. However, this space 8 is reduced relative to the gap 12 between two adjacent secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1. Thus, the space 8 separating two primary insulating panels 6 from the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 is of the order of 4mm plus or minus 3mm.
    The primary insulating panels 6 have a structure similar to the secondary insulating panels 2 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1, namely a sandwich structure consisting of an insulating lining layer such as a layer of insulating polymer foam 29 sandwiched between two rigid plates, internal 30 and external 31, for example of plywood. The internal plate 30 of a primary insulating panel 6 is equipped with metal plates 32, 33 for anchoring corrugated metal sheets 39 of the primary sealing membrane 7 in a similar manner to the metal plates 17, 18 allowing the anchoring of the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. Likewise, the internal plates 30 and external plates 31 are preferably flat, outside any singular zones ,.
    The primary sealing membrane 7 is obtained by assembling a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 39 similar to the corrugated metal sheets 24 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. Each corrugated metal sheet 39 has two series of corrugations 40 perpendicular to each other. . The corrugations 40 of each of said series of corrugations 40 are parallel to a respective side of the corresponding corrugated metal sheet 39. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the corrugations 40 project towards the inside of the tank. The corrugated metal sheets 39 are, for example, made of stainless steel or aluminum.
    Other details and other embodiments, in particular on the secondary 1 and primary 5 thermal insulation barriers, the anchoring members of the thermally insulating barriers 1 and 5 and the sealing membranes 4 and 7, can be found in document WO2016 / 046487, document WO2013004943 or even document WO2014057221.
    In such a tank, the corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 constitute a mesh of circulation channels. Such channels develop continuously between the secondary sealing membrane 4 and the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 throughout the tank wall. Such channels thus promote convection movements, in particular on the walls of tanks having a significant vertical component such as the transverse tank walls. This mesh of continuous channels can generate thermosyphon phenomena in the primary thermal insulation barrier 5. One aspect of the invention starts from the idea of preventing these convection movements in the walls of the tank.
    FIG. 2 represents a partial perspective view of section ll-ll of FIG. 1 at a cross between corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 according to a first embodiment of the invention. . Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers.
    In this FIG. 2, only two corrugations 25 of the first series of corrugations 25 and two corrugations 26 of the second series of corrugations 26 are illustrated, these corrugations 25, 26 forming at their intersections nodes 27 of the waterproofing membrane secondary 4. The description below for these corrugations 25, 26 and nodes 27 applies by analogy to all the corrugations 25, 26 and to all the nodes 27 of the secondary waterproof membrane 4.
    One aspect of the invention starts from the idea of limiting the length of the channels formed by the corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary waterproof membrane 4. According to the first embodiment of the invention, filling blocks 16 of insulating lining are inserted into one, some, or all of the nodes 27 of the secondary sealing membrane 4. These filling blocks 16 are arranged in the nodes 27 on an internal face of the corrugated metal sheets 24 so as to be arranged between the membrane d secondary sealing 4 and the primary thermal insulation barrier 5. In FIG. 2, such a filling block 16 is disposed in each node 27 of the secondary sealing membrane 4.
    Such a filling block 16 takes the form of a cross-shaped insulating block developing in the node 27 in which it is inserted and protruding into portions of the grooves 25, 26 forming said node 27. In addition, such a block filling 16 has a section of complementary shape to the shapes of the node 27 and portions of the grooves 25, 26 in which said filling block 16 is inserted. In this first embodiment, the filling blocks 16 are inserted into the nodes 27 and the corresponding portions of the corrugations 25, 26 after the installation of the secondary sealing membrane 4 on the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 and beforehand when installing the primary insulating panels 6 on the secondary waterproofing membrane 4.
    The filling block 16 can be made of any material allowing a pressure drop in the channels formed by the corrugations 25, 26. Thus, the filling blocks 16 can be made, for example, of foam, felt, wool glass, wood or other.
    Preferably, the filling blocks 16 are formed in a flexible foam allowing its compression. Such flexible foam makes it possible to size the filling blocks 16 with dimensions slightly greater than the dimensions of the nodes 27 and portions of the corrugations 25, 26 in order to accommodate the filling blocks 16 in said nodes 27 and portions of the corrugations 25, 26 with a slight compression of said filling blocks 16 in order to closely match the shapes of node 27.
    In addition, the filling blocks 16 are preferably made from an open cell foam. Such an open cell foam makes it possible to limit the phenomenon of convection by producing a pressure drop in the thermal movements within the channels formed by the corrugations 25, 26 while allowing the circulation of gas such as an inert gas within the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 as explained above for the padding 13.
    Thus, the filling blocks 16 form plugs limiting the length of the channels formed by the corrugations 25, 26. Typically, each corrugation forms a plurality of discontinuous channels each formed by a section of said corrugation 25, 26 between two successive nodes 27 . Such channels limited to the sections of the corrugations 25, 26 located between two adjacent nodes 27 do not allow the creation of significant convection phenomenon and, in particular, prevents the creation of a thermosyphon phenomenon.
    In embodiments not shown, filler blocks 16 are arranged in certain nodes 27 only and not in all nodes 27. Thus, for example, such filler blocks 16 are arranged in all nodes 27 adjacent to the edges corrugated metal sheet 24 forming said nodes 27. In another example, only one node in two or three out of three along a corrugation 25 and / or 26 is filled by a filling block 16.
    Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view from below of a primary insulating panel 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 according to an alternative embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers.
    In this variant of the first embodiment of the invention, the filling blocks 16 are formed by studs 20 arranged on an external face of the external plate 31 of the primary insulating panels 6, that is to say on the face external plates 31 opposite to the insulating polymer foam layer 29 of said panels 6. Such studs 20 are made of any suitable material such as the materials mentioned above for producing the filling block 16 in the form of a cross. In FIG. 3, these studs take the form of a block of flexible foam with an open cell of cylindrical shape. Such studs 20 are fixed to the external plate 31 by any suitable means, for example by gluing, stapling, double-sided tape or the like. This step of fixing the studs 20 on the primary insulating panels 6 can thus advantageously be carried out during the manufacture of said primary insulating panels 6, that is to say prior to the manufacture of the tank.
    The studs 20 are arranged on the external plate 31 so as to be inserted into the nodes 27 when the primary insulating panels 6 are positioned on the secondary sealing membrane 4. Thus, FIG. 3 schematically illustrates the corrugations 25, 26 forming a mesh 21 of corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 under the primary thermal insulation barrier 5. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the pads 20 are arranged on the external plate 31 so as to be each located at a node 27 formed by the crossing of corrugations 25 and 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4.
    Thus, unlike the filling blocks 16 in the form of a cross inserted into the nodes 27 prior to the installation of the primary insulating panels 6 as described above with reference to FIG. 2, this variant of the first embodiment does not require 'step of installing the filling blocks in the nodes 27, the studs being directly inserted into said nodes 27 when positioning the primary insulating panels 6 in the tank.
    FIG. 3 illustrates four pads 20 each having to be inserted in a respective node 27. However, analogously to the filling blocks 16 and as explained above, the number and the arrangement of said studs 20 can be modified to fill all or some only of the nodes 27.
    Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of section II-II of Figure 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention. . Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers.
    This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the sections of the corrugations 25, 26 located between two successive nodes 27 are also filled with a heat-insulating lining. Thus, in addition to the filling blocks 16 in the form of a cross housed in the nodes 27, the tank comprises filling bars 22 housed in the sections of the corrugations
    25, 26 located outside the nodes 27. Such filling bars 22 can be made of materials such as those described above opposite the filling blocks 16 in the form of a cross. Advantageously, the bars 22 are made of a material allowing the circulation of inert gas in the corrugations 25, 26 while generating a pressure drop in thermal circulation flows within the corrugations 25, 26 avoiding the creation of thermosiphons by convection in said undulations 25, 26.
    Similarly, these filling bars 22 are dimensioned so as to preferably have a section of shape complementary to the sections of the corrugations 25, 26 in order to obstruct the channels formed by said corrugations 25,
    26. These filling bars 22 may also have other shapes, for example a circular shape so as to be compressed by the external plate 31 of the primary insulating panel 6 disposed above in order to occupy a large portion of the section of the corresponding corrugation 25, 26, for example at least 80% of said corrugation 25, 26.
    Thus, according to a preferred embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the filling bars 22 are produced in the form of bars from 5 to 15 cm having a section corresponding to the complete section of the corrugation 25, 26 in which said bar is inserted. This bar is advantageously made of extruded polystyrene with a density of 8 to 30 kg / m A 3. Ideally, the bar has an over-height of 1 to 2 / 10th mm corresponding to an installation crushing and a slight thermal contraction. Advantageously, the bar also has a serration 49 of its profile so that the pressure drop it generates under increasing flow velocities is significant but that the pressure drop at low speed is limited so as not to completely obstruct gas circulation in the corrugations 25, 26.
    FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view of a corrugation 25 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 housed in a groove 14 of a secondary insulating panel 2 of the secondary thermally insulating barrier according to section III-III of FIG. 1 according to an alternative embodiment of the second embodiment of the invention as described with reference to FIG. 4.. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers. Furthermore, the description below with regard to FIG. 6 for a corrugation 25 housed in a groove 14 applies by analogy to one or more other grooves 14 and / or 15.
    As illustrated in FIG. 6, the groove 14 completely crosses the thickness of the internal plate 10 and opens out at the level of the insulating polymer foam layer 9. The groove 14 is dimensioned so as to provide a positioning play for the corrugation 25 housed in said groove 14 when the corresponding corrugated metal sheet 24 is installed on the secondary insulation panel 2 comprising said groove 14. This play must also allow the relative movements between the corrugation and the walls of the groove 14 generated by the differences in contractions and dilations.
    Just like the corrugations 25, 26 constitute a mesh of channels favoring by convection the formation of thermosyphon in the primary thermal insulation barrier 5, the grooves 14, 15 form a mesh in the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1 also forming a mesh channels which can be at the origin of such a phenomenon of thermosiphon by convection.
    To avoid this, the variant of the second embodiment differs from the variant described with reference to FIG. 4 in that it comprises, in addition to the filling blocks 16 in the nodes 27 and the filling bars 22 in the corrugations 25 , 26, a third filling block 23 disposed in the grooves 14, 15 of the internal plates 10 of the secondary insulating panels 2.
    As illustrated in FIG. 6, this third filling block 23 is positioned in the grooves 14 in order to generate a pressure drop in the circulation of the cold in the mesh formed by the grooves 14, 15. This third filling block 23 is similar the filling block 16 and the filling bar 22 and can be made of many materials. Preferably, this padding is made of flexible foam with open cells so as not to prevent the circulation of inert gas and / or the detection of leaks in the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1. This third filling block 23 is installed in the groove 14 prior to the installation of the corresponding corrugated metal sheet 24.
    Preferably, this third filling block 23 is compressible and is compressed by the corrugation 25 of the corrugated metal sheet 24 in order to guarantee its good distribution throughout the groove 14. In particular, it is preferable to use for this third filling block 23 for highly deformable materials (very low density expanded polystyrene (<10 kg / m A 3), melamine foam, flexible low density polyurethane foam) which are crushed when the corrugated metal sheet is put in place 24 In another embodiment, the third filling block is produced in the form of modular elements, in resin or rigid polyurethane foam at low density for example, which are deposited in the groove 14 just before the installation of the metal sheet. corrugated 24 whose corrugation must be housed in said groove 14.
    Figure 6 illustrates the use of the third filling block 23 at a corrugation 25 of the secondary metal sheet 24. However, in the not shown frame of a primary sealing membrane 7 having outgoing corrugations 40, c that is to say projecting towards the outside of the tank and housed in corresponding grooves made in the internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6, the third filling block 23 can be used in a similar manner to fill formed channels by said grooves made in the internal plate 31 of the primary insulating panels 6
    Figure 7 shows a sectional view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall according to a third embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers.
    This third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 as well as the corrugations 40 of the primary sealing membrane 7 are re-entrant corrugations, that is to say ie protruding towards the inside of the tank. Thus, the grooves 14, 15 housing the corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 are formed in the external plates 30 of the primary insulating panels 6. Consequently, the filling block 16 and the filling bar 22 is arranged between the corrugated metal sheets 24 and the internal plates 10 of the secondary insulating panels 2. In addition, the third filling block 23 is housed in the grooves 14, 15 formed in the external plates 30 of the primary insulating panels 6 between said primary insulating panels 6 and the corrugations 25, 26 of the secondary sealing membrane 4.
    In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the filling block 16 and the filling bar 22 can also be positioned under the corrugations 40 of the primary sealing membrane 7, between said corrugations 40 and the internal plate 31 of said insulating panels. primary 6. An insulating lining 51 can also be positioned in wells made at the corners of the primary insulating panels 6 making it possible to house the anchoring members 19. As for the previous embodiments, it is possible to install a filling block in all or only some of the nodes and / or undulations of the secondary sealing membrane 4 and / or primary 7 and / or grooves housing said undulations.
    FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of the waterproof and thermally insulating tank in which the primary waterproof membrane is not illustrated according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers.
    In this FIG. 8, the space 8 between two primary insulating panels 6 is illustrated by broken lines 28. In a similar manner to the corrugations 25, 26 and to the grooves 14, 15, the spaces 8 between the primary insulating panels 6 therefore constitute a mesh forming circulation channels allowing by convection the circulation of the cold towards the secondary waterproofing membrane 4 and the formation of thermosiphon which are detrimental to the insulation of the tank wall, in particular because the primary waterproofing membrane Ί said primary insulating panels 6 are brought into contact with the LNG contained in the tank.
    The invention according to the fourth embodiment provides for the installation of anti-convection cover plates 34 arranged between the primary insulating panels 6 adjacent to the right of the spaces 8 between said adjacent primary insulating panels. Such anti-convection plates 34 can be made of many materials. Preferably, these anti-convection plates are produced from non-porous or weakly porous continuous materials. Thus, the anti-convection cover plates 34 are for example films made of paper, cardboard or also synthetic, plastic or other films. Such anti-convection plates can be arranged in line with all the spaces 8, as illustrated in FIG. 8, or indeed only some of said spaces 8.
    With reference to FIG. 9, the anti-convection cover plate 34 develops along the primary insulating panels 6 in line with the space 8 between said primary insulating panels 6. An internal edge of the internal plate 31 of said primary insulating panels 6 comprises a counterbore 35 in which is housed a corresponding edge 36 of the anti-convection cover plate 34 so that the anti-convection cover plate 34 is flush with the internal face of said internal plate 31. Thus, the cover plate anti-convection 34 covers the space 8 and separates the space 8 from the primary sealing membrane 7, preventing the formation of channels having different temperatures capable of generating a thermosyphon phenomenon in the mesh formed by the spaces 8 of a tank wall.
    Preferably, the anti-convection plate is made of waterproof material with a thickness of between 0.2mm and 2mm. This waterproof material is for example a plastic material (PEI, PVC, etc.), cardboard, thick plasticized paper. , a fiberboard or other.
    The anti-convection cover plate 34 has a width chosen so that the anti-convection plate rests in the counterbores 35 on a minimum seat, for example at least 10 mm, for everything being a contraction of the internal plates 31 and of said plate. anti-convection cover 34. In other words, the anti-convection cover plate 34 is dimensioned so that its edges 36 are accommodated in the counterbores 35 including when the tank is full of LNG. For this, one of the edges 36 of the anti-convection plate can partially exit from the counterbore 35 in order to cover the internal plate 31 outside the counterbore 35 in order to ensure that said edge 36 remains housed in the counterbore in its contracted state. The edges 36 of the anti-convection cover plate 34 are stapled or glued to one of the two primary insulating panels 6 in the counterbore 35.
    As illustrated in FIG. 8, the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 comprises a plurality of closing plates 38 making it possible to complete the bearing surface of the primary sealing membrane 7 at the level of wells making it possible to accommodate the organs of anchors 19 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 5. These wells being arranged in the extension of the spaces 8 between the primary insulating panels 6, the anti-convection cover plates 34 can be interrupted at the level of said closure plates 38. Preferably in this In this case, the anti-convection cover plates 34 are contiguous with said closure plates 38 so as to limit the presence of passages between the primary sealing membrane 7 and the spaces 8. Preferably, the anti-convection cover plates 34 and the closure plates 38 are flush with the internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6 so as to form a flat surface cont inue for the primary waterproofing membrane 7.
    In an alternative embodiment not illustrated, the anti-convection plates 34 at least partially cover the closure plates 38. The ends of the anti-convection cover plates 34 are for example housed in countersinks (not illustrated) provided in the plates closure 38 so that the closure plates 38 and the anti-convection plates 34 are flush with the internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6.
    In another variant, the anti-convection plates 34 are continuous and completely cover the closure plates 38. Preferably, the anti-convection cover plates 34 are flush with the internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6.
    In another preferred variant, the anti-convection cover plates 34 are continuous and completely cover the closure plates 38. Preferably, the anti-convection cover plates 34 are flush with the internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6, including when they pass over the closure plates 38.
    In another alternative embodiment illustrated schematically in FIG. 17, the anti-convection plates 34 have an “L” shape, that is to say that the same anti-convection cover plate 34 covers two contiguous edges of the internal plate 30 of the same primary insulating panel 6 and is therefore located in line with the spaces 8 formed by said primary insulating panel 6 and two adjacent primary insulating panels 6. The internal plates 31 of the primary insulating panels 6 thus receive two anti-convection cover plates so that, step by step, the spaces 8 are all obstructed.
    In a variant of this fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the anti-convection cover plate 34 is folded back so that a central portion 41 of the anti-convection cover plate 34 connecting the two flanges 36 is housed in the space 8 separating the adjacent primary insulating panels 6. As a variant, the second edge of the cover plate 34 could be supported along the lateral face of the second primary insulating panel 6 without coming out of the space 8.
    Figures 11 to 15 illustrate different variants of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
    This fifth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 10 in that the anti-convection cover plate 34 is replaced by an anti-convection filling strip 37 housed in the space 8. The identical elements or fulfilling the same function as those described above have the same reference numbers. Such an anti-convection strip is preferably compressible. This anti-convection band is inserted into the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6 after the installation of said primary insulating panels 6 on the secondary sealing membrane 4. For this, the anti-convection band is if necessary compressed in its thickness in order to be inserted between the primary insulating panels 6, possibly by force.
    This anti-convection filling strip 37 can be produced in many ways. In an exemplary embodiment, the anti-convection filling strip 37 can be made of a porous material inserted by force into the space 8 in order to have a significant prestress making it possible to fill in the changes in dimensions of the space 8. A such an anti-convective filling strip 37 made of porous material is particularly suitable for large spaces 8, for example between 10mm and 100mm. A te! porous material can for example be glass wool, ideally consisting of superimposed layers.
    However, as explained above with reference to FIG. 1, the space 8 between two primary insulating panels 6 can be relatively narrow, typically of the order of 4 mm plus or minus 3 mm. Such a reduced space cannot be filled reliably by the insertion of an insulating lining in very thin thickness, unlike the interstices 12 between the secondary insulating panels 2. In fact, the roughness of the primary insulating panels 6 could degrade such very thin insulating pad when inserted. This roughness is, among other things, linked to the presence of glass fibers in the insulating foam layer 29 of the primary insulating panels 6. Thus, in a preferred solution, sheets of waterproof materials (not shown) are incorporated between the layers of glass wool, in order to split the overall volume of the anti-convection filling strip 37 into separate layers undergoing only a modest thermal gradient and having sufficient strength to allow the insertion of the anti-convection filling strip 37 without degradation in space 8.
    FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of the anti-convection filling strip 37. The anti-convection filling strip 37 has a multilayer structure comprising a compressible core 42. Thus, in FIG. 11 illustrating an exemplary embodiment of this fifth embodiment , the anti-convection filling strip 37 comprises two sheets 43 each comprising a flange 44 housed in a respective counterbore 35 of the primary insulating panels 6. This flange 44 is stapled in the counterbore 35 thus allowing said flanges 44 to remain in the counterbore 35 including when modifying the dimensions of the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6, for example during contraction linked to the insertion of LNG into the tank.
    Each sheet 43 develops in the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6 along said primary insulating panels 6 from the counterbore 35 in the direction of the secondary sealing membrane 4. The two sheets 43 are connected by the compressible core 42 housed in the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6. The sheets 43 and the compressible core 42 are made of waterproof materials, for example a plastic material (PEI, PVC, etc.), cardboard, thick plasticized paper or the like. These sheets 43 and the compressible core 42 can thus be inserted along the primary insulating panels 6 without being degraded by the roughness of said panels 6, including in the case of a narrow space 8.
    The compressible core 42 of the anti-convection filling strip 37 can be produced in many ways. In the example illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the compressible core 42 comprises a honeycomb structure consisting of a row of cells 44 developing along each of the sheets 43 in the space 8 between the panels primary insulators 6, each cell 44 being fixed to said two sheets 43 in order to structurally link said sheets 43. Other examples of compressible cores 42 are illustrated with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
    Figures 12 to 13 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the anti-convection filling strip 37. This variant differs in that the sheets 43 of the anti-convection filling strip 37 do not have a flange 44 and that the insulating panels primers 6 do not have counterbores 35. Thus, the anti-convection filling strip 37 is directly housed and develops in the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6.
    In the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the compressible core 42 is formed by a plurality of tubes 46 spacing the two sheets 43 and developing in space 8 along the primary insulating panels 6.
    In the example illustrated in FIG. 14, the compressible core 42 consists of a plurality of spacers 47 developing between the two sheets 43 and delimiting a plurality of cells of rectangular section 48 developing in space 8 the along the primary insulating panels 6.
    FIG. 15 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the anti-convection filling strip 37. This variant differs in that the anti-convection filling strip 37 is not a multilayer structure but a simple corrugated sheet 45. corrugated sheet 45 separates the space 8 between the primary insulating panels 6 into a plurality of cells developing continuously along said panels 6.
    The contour shape of the primary insulating panels 6 and secondary insulating panels 2 described above is generally rectangular, but other contour shapes are possible, in particular hexagonal shapes to cover flat walls or suitable contour shapes, possibly irregular. , to cover special areas of the tank.
    With reference to FIG. 16, a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealing membrane arranged between the primary sealing membrane and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary waterproofing membrane and the secondary waterproofing membrane and between the secondary waterproofing membrane and the double shell 72.
    In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    FIG. 16 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74. The mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The mobile arm 74 can be adjusted to suit all LNG tankers' sizes . A connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77. This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the subsea pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The subsea pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
    To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
    Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims.
    The use of the verb "behave", "understand" or "include" and its conjugate forms do not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those set out in a claim.
    In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. A sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank, in which a tank wall comprises, successively in a thickness direction, a secondary thermal insulation barrier (1) comprising a plurality of secondary insulating elements (2 ) juxtaposed, the secondary insulating elements (2) being retained against a load-bearing wall (3), a secondary sealing membrane (4) carried by the secondary insulating elements (2) of the secondary thermal insulation barrier (1), a primary thermal insulation barrier (5) comprising a plurality of juxtaposed primary insulating elements (6), the primary insulating elements (6) being retained against the secondary sealing membrane (4), and a primary sealing membrane (7) carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier (5) and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank, in which the waterproofing membrane secondary tee (4) is a corrugated metal membrane comprising a series of parallel corrugations (25, 26) forming channels and flat portions located between said corrugations (25, 26), the primary insulating elements (6) having an external face covering the flat portions of the secondary waterproofing membrane (4), the secondary insulating elements (2) having an internal face supporting the flat portions of the secondary waterproofing membrane (4), in which anti-convective filling elements (16, 20, 22) are arranged in corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) to create a pressure drop in said channels.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Tank according to claim 1, in which the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) project towards the outside of the tank in the direction of the support structure (3), and in which the anti-convective filling elements (16, 20, 22) arranged in the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) are covered by the external face of the primary insulating elements (6).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Tank according to claim 2, in which the anti-convective filling elements (20) arranged in the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) are fixed to the external face of the primary insulating elements (6) .
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Tank according to claim 2, wherein the anti-convective filling elements (16, 22) disposed in the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) are fixed to the secondary sealing membrane (4 ).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Tank according to claim 2 to 4, wherein the secondary insulating elements (2) have grooves (14, 15) hollowed in the internal face to receive corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4 ), complementary anti-convective filling elements (23) being arranged in said grooves (14, 15) between the secondary sealing membrane (4) and the secondary insulating elements (2) to create a pressure drop in a portion remaining of said grooves (14, 15) located around the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Tank according to claim 1, in which the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) project towards the inside of the tank, and in this case the anti-convective filling elements (16, 22) arranged in the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane are (4) supported by the internal face of the secondary insulating elements (2).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Tank according to claim 6, in which the primary insulating elements (6) have grooves (14, 15) hollowed out in the external face to receive corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4), complementary anti-convective filling elements (23) being arranged in said grooves (14, 15) between the secondary sealing membrane (4) and the primary insulating elements (6) to create a pressure drop in a remaining portion of said grooves (14, 15) located around the corrugations (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Tank according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the primary waterproofing membrane (7) is a corrugated metal membrane comprising a series of parallel corrugations (40) forming channels and planar portions located between said corrugations. (40), the primary insulating elements (6) having an internal face supporting the planar portions of the primary sealing membrane (7), in which the corrugations (40) of the primary sealing membrane (7) project towards the exterior of the tank in the direction of the support structure (3), and in which the primary insulating elements (6) have grooves hollowed in the internal face to receive corrugations (40) of the primary sealing membrane (7 ), complementary anti-convective filling elements being disposed in said grooves between the primary sealing membrane (7) and the primary insulating elements (6) to create a per load in a remaining portion of said grooves located around the corrugations (40) of the primary sealing membrane (7).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Tank according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the anti-convective filling elements comprise an elongated filling part (22) disposed in a corrugation (25, 26) of the secondary sealing membrane (4) , the elongate filling part (22) having a sectional shape which fills at least 80% of the section of the corrugation (25, 26).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Tank according to claim 9, wherein the filling part (22) arranged in a corrugation (25, 26) has parallel grooves (49) oriented transversely to the length of the filling part (22) and distributed along the length of the filling piece (22).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Tank according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the secondary sealing membrane (4) comprises a first series of parallel undulations (25) and a second series of parallel undulations (26) which is transverse to the first series of corrugations (25) and which cuts the first series of corrugations (25) at the level of knot areas (27), the anti-convective filling elements comprising knot pieces (16, 20) arranged in node areas (27) of the secondary sealing membrane (4).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Tank according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein an anti-convective filling element (16, 20, 22) or a complementary anti-convective filling element (23) is made of expanded polystyrene or polymer foam or glass wool.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Tank according to one of claims 1 to 12, in which an anti-convective filling element (16, 20, 22) or a complementary anti-convective filling element (23) is made of flexible synthetic material or of molded synthetic.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Ship (70) for transporting a fluid, the ship comprising a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 disposed in the double hull.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. A method of loading or unloading a ship (70) according to claim 14, in which a fluid is conveyed through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation ( 77) to or from the vessel (71).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising a ship (70) according to claim 14, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged so as to connect the tank (71) installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or terrestrial storage installation (77) and a pump for driving a fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the vessel of the vessel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3070745B1|2019-09-06|
    US20210062972A1|2021-03-04|
    RU2743153C1|2021-02-15|
    JP2020532689A|2020-11-12|
    WO2019043347A1|2019-03-07|
    EP3679289B1|2021-09-01|
    KR20200050984A|2020-05-12|
    EP3679289A1|2020-07-15|
    CN111279116B|2021-12-10|
    CN111279116A|2020-06-12|
    SG11202001777RA|2020-03-30|
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    FR2977562B1|2011-07-06|2016-12-23|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED IN A CARRIER STRUCTURE|
    FR2978748B1|2011-08-01|2014-10-24|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK|
    FR2996520B1|2012-10-09|2014-10-24|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK COMPRISING A METALIC MEMBRANE WOUNDED ACCORDING TO ORTHOGONAL PLATES|
    CN103470946B|2013-08-29|2015-05-27|北京宇航系统工程研究所|High-pressure supercritical helium storage tank|
    FR3026459B1|2014-09-26|2017-06-09|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|SEALED AND INSULATING TANK WITH A BRIDGING ELEMENT BETWEEN THE PANELS OF THE SECONDARY INSULATING BARRIER|FR3109979A1|2020-05-05|2021-11-12|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating tank including anti-convective filling elements|
    CN112498582B|2020-10-30|2021-09-03|沪东中华造船有限公司|LNG ship and film type enclosure system thereof|
    CN112498584A|2020-10-30|2021-03-16|沪东中华造船有限公司|LNG ship, film type containment system|
    CN112498583A|2020-10-30|2021-03-16|沪东中华造船有限公司|Thin film type enclosure system and LNG ship|
    CN112498581A|2020-10-30|2021-03-16|沪东中华造船有限公司|Thin film type enclosure system and LNG ship applying same|
    法律状态:
    2018-09-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-03-08| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20190308 |
    2019-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1770930|2017-09-04|
    FR1770930A|FR3070745B1|2017-09-04|2017-09-04|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK WITH ANTI-CONVICTIVE FILLING ELEMENT|FR1770930A| FR3070745B1|2017-09-04|2017-09-04|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK WITH ANTI-CONVICTIVE FILLING ELEMENT|
    CN201880069925.8A| CN111279116B|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and thermally insulated container with a convection-proof filling element|
    US16/644,240| US20210062972A1|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and thermally insulating tank with anti-convective filler element|
    SG11202001777RA| SG11202001777RA|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and thermally insulating tank with anti-convective filling element|
    JP2020512634A| JP2020532689A|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed insulation tank with anti-convection filling element|
    KR1020207008842A| KR20200050984A|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and insulated tank with anti-convection filler elements|
    EP18774093.1A| EP3679289B1|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and thermally insulating tank with anti-convective filling element|
    RU2020108379A| RU2743153C1|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Method for producing dry colostral milk|
    PCT/FR2018/052149| WO2019043347A1|2017-09-04|2018-09-03|Sealed and thermally insulating tank with anti-convective filling element|
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